To be able to decode the English language you have to know two things: the letters and the sounds. The English language is based on the alphabetic principle. The alphabetic principle is when written …

If the student is grouped, according to the Grouping Matrix, into a category called Specific Decoding Weakness, administering the Advanced Decoding Survey Plus can confirm and refine your …

We provide a brief overview of the research and the specifics on how to implement reading practice using manipulative letters. Abundant evidence demonstrates the role of phonological awareness and …

It is important to assess students’ progress in decoding single words and to assess whether these word-level skills are transferring to reading connected text (Murray, Munger, & Clonan, 2012).

Decoding multisyllabic words enhances both reading comprehension and spelling for all students. Those with proficient word and structural analysis skills can decode most words they encounter when reading.

Use this routine with students who have developed phonological awareness skills and knowledge of phoneme-grapheme correspondences. Use words containing sound-spelling patterns students have …

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